Oct. 30--As more H1N1 flu vaccine arrives in the Chicago area, questions linger about the dangers of the virus and the effectiveness of inoculations. Here are edited queries from Tribune readers, with answers:
Q What is the comparison between the fatality rates for H1N1 flu and seasonal flu, and is H1N1 considered more of a danger than seasonal flu?
A Since the pandemic began in April, more than 1,000 deaths from H1N1 have occurred, including about 100 children, and more than 20,000 hospitalizations in the United States, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The CDC estimates that about 36,000 people die of seasonal flu-related causes annually, although the number fluctuates.
It is good news, according to Kathleen Sebelius, secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, that the swine flu continues to be "very mild" for most people. "But there is no question we are seeing very severe cases hit in populations normally not susceptible to the flu, and without underlying health conditions in some cases," she said this week. "Young people and pregnant women have been particular targets of that."
Q Is it true that people who get the H1N1 mist are getting a live virus which they can shed, infecting people with depressed immune systems?
A The nasal spray is made from live, weakened virus. There is a bit of "shedding" -- where some of the vaccine escapes. But the amount is so small, there is no need to worry about spreading it in the general population, according to Dr. Julie Morita, medical director of the Chicago Department of Public Health's immunization program.
The only concern, she said, is among health care professionals who care for people whose immune system is compromised and have to be in a protected environment. "A doctor in a regular setting can get the nasal spray and not worry about shedding, but those taking care of people with a weakened system should not get the vaccine or go to work immediately after taking it," she said.
Clinical studies show the risk of getting infected after contact with attenuated, or weakened, vaccine virus is minuscule -- between 0.6 and 2.4 percent.
Q My children, ages 2 and 5, were lucky to get the first round of H1N1 shots, but the doctor said she wasn't sure she will have the second dose a month later. Are they protected with just one shot?
A Health officials recommend that children under the age of 10 receive two doses of vaccine, separated by four weeks. Health officials said every attempt should be made to obtain the second dose in order to achieve full protection. More vaccine is on its way so people should check regularly with their doctor, their children's school and with local health departments that offer public clinics.
Q Our mom is really sick and we aren't sure if it's swine flu. If we wear masks and sort of keep a distance from her, will we be OK?
A A bit more than that is needed to avoid the virus, according to the CDC. If possible, your mom should be in a private room away from common areas of the house and use a separate bathroom. If she has to be around others, she should wear a mask. Everyone should wash hands regularly. If you are under 24, you might consider getting an H1N1 vaccine.
dglanton@tribune.com
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